dung tha
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Verb:
- To forgive, to pardon: To stop feeling angry or resentful towards someone for an offense, flaw, or mistake; to grant pardon for a fault or crime.
- To tolerate, to condone (in negative constructions): Often used in the negative to indicate that something is unacceptable or inexcusable.
Usage Examples
- Verb:
- Anh ấy đã chân thành xin lỗi nên tôi quyết định dung tha cho anh ấy. (He sincerely apologized, so I decided to forgive him.)
- Hành vi phản bội đó là không thể dung tha. (That act of betrayal is unpardonable.)
- Lỗi lầm nhỏ thì có thể dung tha, nhưng đây là một sai phạm nghiêm trọng. (Minor mistakes can be forgiven, but this is a serious violation.)
Advanced Usage
- "không thể dung tha" / "không dung tha được": An extremely common negative construction meaning "unforgivable," "inexcusable," or "unpardonable." It strongly emphasizes that an action is beyond the limits of tolerance or forgiveness.
- Sự dối trá có chủ đích là điều không thể dung tha. (Deliberate deception is something unforgivable.)
Variants and Related Words
- Dung thứ (Verb): A close synonym, also meaning "to forgive" or "to pardon," often used in similar contexts. It can sometimes sound slightly more formal or literary.
- Xin hãy dung thứ cho sự bất cẩn của tôi. (Please forgive my carelessness.)
- Tha thứ (Verb): The most common and general word for "to forgive."
- Khoan dung (Adjective/Verb): Means "tolerant," "lenient," or "to be tolerant." It describes a characteristic of being forgiving.
- Ân xá (Verb): Means "to amnesty" or "to pardon," typically used in legal or official contexts for a group of people (e.g., prisoners).
Synonyms
- Tha thứ: to forgive.
- Thứ lỗi: to excuse, to pardon (often used in polite requests: "Xin thứ lỗi" - "Please excuse me").
- Bỏ qua: to let pass, to overlook (a fault).
Notes on Meaning and Usage
- "Dung tha" carries a weight of moral judgment and is often used for significant wrongdoings or ethical breaches, not just minor annoyances. It implies a conscious decision to absolve someone of a blameworthy act.
- Its primary modern use is in the negative form "không thể dung tha" to describe utterly unacceptable actions or crimes. Using it in the positive form ("Tôi dung tha cho anh") is grammatically correct but can sound formal or solemn.
- The word is a compound of "dung" (to contain, to tolerate) and "tha" (to release, to let go), literally meaning "to tolerate and release."
- Forgive, pardon
- Tội ác không thể dung thaUnpardonable offences